NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a vital coenzyme in all living cells, essential for metabolic processes and cellular function. It acts as a mediator of redox reactions, alternating between its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms to facilitate electron transfer, crucial for energy production and sustaining life. Involved in over 500 enzymatic reactions, NAD+ is central to maintaining cellular homeostasis. Research shows that NAD+ may be beneficial in improving muscle function, protecting cells of the nervous system, and generally reducing the effects of aging.

Beyond energy metabolism, NAD+ supports DNA repair and gene regulation through enzymes like sirtuins and PARPs. Sirtuins use NAD+ to regulate cellular functions such as DNA repair, gene expression, and aging, while PARPs utilize it to repair DNA damage and maintain genomic stability. These roles underscore NAD+'s importance in cellular integrity and combating aging.